Process of and apparatus for burning gas



G. D. BRADSHAW PROCESS OF AND APPARATUS FOR BURNING GAS Filed Dec. 4, 1919 HUI-Hill :1 1

ii I INVENTOR Patented Jan. 8, 1924-,

mans GRANT D. BRADSHAW, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYZVANIA.

Process or AND nrrnnnrus non 'nuzemn'e ens.

Application filed December 4, 1919. Serial No. 342,414.

To all whom it may concern:

Be. it known that I, GRANTD'BRADsHAw,

a citizen of the United States, and a residentof the city of .Pittsburgh, count of Allegheny, and State of Pennsylvania, ave

invented certain new and useful Improvements in Processes of and Apparatus for Burning Gas; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, suchas will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My inventlon relates to aprocess of burna ing combustible gas-r ases and a burner therefor with special re erence to the combus tion of blast furnace or producer gases,

etc., but my process and apparatus can be used'or adapted for any kind of combustible gas. My process and burner are de-' signed to mix the gas'and the air for combustion in suhstantiall constant or proper pro ortion by-supplying relatively meas- 2 me quantities of same and are independent of the amount or pressure ofgas which is supplied by the blast furnace or other gas 'roducer, while at the same time maintain:

mg a substantially uniform pressure in the burner passages.

The principles of my process and apparatus consist "in maintaining a substantially constant gas pressure in the burner passages and in the mains and communicating pipes adjacent thereto by varying the size of the gas outlet inthe burner, and controlling the area of the same by means of a regulator connected to the gas pipe or 'main leading to the burner, so that the pressure on this outlet is-maintaincd sub stantially constant, and under such condn tions the amount or volume of gas supplied to the burner will be proportional to the area of the throat through'which the gas, passes. I accomplish this regulation although the gas main delivers different quantities at different times. If,- on the other hand, the size of the gas outlet should be constant, the gas pressure would rise and fall. 'At the same time, air .under substantially constant pressure is supplied to the burner and the amount of air passing therethrough will also be proportional to the area of the air throat through which it passes. The gas and air throats are each provided with a damper or regulating means, which may be flap or swlng valves,

and these are adjusted and interconnected so that the area of the gas and air throats are atall times proportioned in such a way that the ratio of air to gas will at all. times be substantially constant independent of the ztrmount of gas flowing at any particular ime.

Having thus given a general description of my invention, I will now, in order to make the matter more clear, refer to the annexed sheet of drawings which forms part of this s ecification and in which like characters re or to like parts.

Figure 1 is a-vertical transverse sectional elevation through the gas burner taken 'on the line I-I of Figure 4; and showing a regulating device attached thereto; Figure 2is a detail of the crank arm adjusting mechanism; Figure 3 is a top plan view I of the gas, burner; and Figure 4: is a rear elevation of the burner.

Referring now to the characters of ref erence on the drawings :-1 represents the furnace wall, which may be that of a boiler furnace or a hot blast stove or other ap paratus in which the heatof combustible gases is utilized, 2 is the flue opening which is shown as of taperingform to facilitate the fiow of the gases therethrough, 3 is the nozzle or throat of the burner which is shown tapering to assist in the flow of the gases and to reduce the friction and resistance therein, tie the gas inlet opening which is connected to the gas pipe or main, 5 is the air' inlet opening-which is connected to the-outer air where it may receive air at ordinary atmospheric pressure, or preferably is connected to the"main of a blast fan provided with a i'eguiating device, so that air is delivered at any suitable predetermined and substantially constant pressure, '6 is a valve shown of the flap type adapted for controlling the area I and flow of gas in the burner, 7 is a similar valve for controlling the area and flow of air to the burher, 8 is the shaft on which the gas valve is pivoted, 9 is the shaft on which the air valve is pivoted, 10 is a recess for'receiving the gas valve so that passage controlled by the air velveii, 14: is e crank arm attached- -to the outer end of the shaft- 8 and adapted to operate the gas valve 6, is a'crank arm. attached to the outer end of the shaft 9 and adapted to operate the air valve 7, 1G is an adjusting arm mounted on the end of the shaft 8 which fits between the adjusting ears 1? on. the crank erm M and is provided with adjusting bolts 18, whereby the angular relation between the crank arm is and the adjusting arm 16 can be arranged in such 1. A. a way that the valves 6 and 7 can he set in any desired relation, to make the areas of the gas opening and the opening of such sizes and proportions as will produce the best mixture of air and gas for com hustion. 19 is a stud or pin secured in the crank arm and adapted to operate in the slot 20 of the crankarm 14%, and 21 is an arm upwardly extending from the hub of the crank arm 15. The slight angular rotation in either direct-ionoit the arm 21 Will move the gas valve 6 and the air valve 7 in order to regulate and control the air and gas openings respectively. A movement of the arm 21- in e right'hand direc- :tion, {is viewed in Figure 1, will serve to close the valves 6 and 7, and in a contrary direction will tend to open them. The upper end or the arm 21 is provided with slot 22., whichv receives the pivot bolt 23, by which the connecting rod Qlis pivoted tiiereto to permit any movement desired,

and this rod 24; in turn is pivoted to the bell crank lever 25, which is connected with the regulator, illustrated generally at the left of Figure 1. 26 is theshaft or red of the regulator, 27 is the flexible dia phragm of said regulator, 28'is a gas pipe connection to the regulator which is con nected to the gas pipe or main which supplies gas to the opening 4 The regulator is further provided with an arm or lever 29 which. carries a suitable number of Weights 30, and this Weight could he made more or less, and the Weights can also be shifted uponthe lever 'to adjust the appsratus to operate at any predetermined pressure. This regulator may he of any of the Well known types, and the details of its construction form .no'part of my present invention. fl

The process end operation of my burner is as follows-Gas under pressure is sup plied to the opening 4 from any suitable source, arrl air under suitable pressure is also supplied to the air. opening 5, and these two streams of gas and air unite in throat or nozzle of the burner 53, and in general the normal pressure of the air supplied as compared with the normal pres sure of gas supplied is so adjusted by my burner that the retio or air to gas is corproportioned for combustion. In

order to make this clear, one type of gas Which I use and burn has approximately the following enulysis Percent. CG (carbonic oxide) 26. ll (hydrogen) 3. N (nitrogen) 58. CG, (carbon dioxide) 12.8 CH, (methane) s .2

The above analysis is'loy volume, and

With of such analysis this would re quire about eight-tenths of a volume of air to one: volume of gas for proper comnace or other gas producers to'be utilized,

whether this quantity be great or smell;

and although fluctuations of the pressure and quantities of gases from a blast furnace or other gas producer are usual, my process and gas'burner readily takes care of this. All the gases that can be delivered from a blast furnace or other source 92in be used for heating boilers or other purposes and if at anytime a greater amount of gas should he delivered from the blast furnace, my process and burner would allow this excess to he utilized and the quantity of auxiliary coal or other fuel could consequently he reduced, with resultant economy. In other. words, my process and burner permit the full utilization of greater or lesser quantities of combustible gases, even though the supply, pressure and volume of the same -vary ,t'rom tim to time and this is a novel and distinctive feature of my invention. i Y Y The operation of my burner, therefore, acts as a gas bleeder' and by the variation of the as throat areathe burner is able to maintain a constant pressure in the gas supply pipe. The air is supplied to the burner as heretofore stated end is preferably lrept at is. substantially constant pressure by means of a pressure regulator connected to the discharge-pipe of the fan blower or otherwise "and controls either the speed of the .fan itself or a damper at the fan outlet in orderto' given practicallyconstant pressure at-th'e bur'ner. The air throat valve damper isndjustably connected to the gas throat damperinsnch-a way that the air valve is opened and closed in hurmonyiwith the gas valve, Prior processes and constructions haveall attempted to throttle or opposite, as I open the gas valve in case the pressure or supply increases and allow the pressure to be constant, thereby utilizing the full supply of gas delivered at all times, and Without increasing the gas pressure which "for other reasons might be detrimental to the operation of the apparatus which supplies the gas.

Although I have described and illustrated my invention in considerable detail, I do not wish to be limited to the exact and specific details thereof as shown and described, but may use such modifications in, substitutions for, or equivalepts thereof, as are embraced within the scope of my invention, or as pdinted out in theclaims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. A gas burner comprising a gas inlet passage, an air inlet passage adjacent there to, each of said passages being controlled by a valve, said valves being connected together and automatically regulated by the gas pres sure, whereby substantially uniform gas pressure is maintained at the gas inlet.

2. A gas burner comprising a gas inlet, an air inlet adjacent thereto, the area of each inlet being controlled by a valve, said valves being connected so as to move simultaneously, the valve operating mechanism being connected to a regulator operated by the gas pressure from the gas supply main.

3. A gas burner comprising a gas inlet, an air inlet adjacent thereto, valves adapted to control each of said inlets, the/operating mechanism of said valves being interconnected and connected to a regulator operated simultaneously to increase and decrease the inlet areas, the operating mechanism of said valves being connected to a regulator connected to the gas supply main, whereby sub stantially uniform gas and air pressure are supplied to said burner.

. 5. A gas burner provided with a gas opening connected with a source of gas supply of varying quantity, an adjacent air opening connected with a source of air under substantially constant pressure, valves controlling the areas of each of said openings, said valves being interconnected, operating together and regulated by a regulator .connected with the gas supply main, whereby substantially constant pressure is maintained on the inlet side of said gas valve.

6. A gas burner provided with a gas opening connected with a source of gas supply of varying quantity, an adjacent air opening connected with a source of air under substantially constant pressure, valves controlling the areas of each of said openings, said valves being interconnected, operatin together and regulated by a pressure regu ator connected with the gas supply main, whereby substantially constant pressure is maintained in the gas supply main at said, gas

opening.

In witness whereof I hereunto afix my signature.

GRANT D. BRADSHAW.- 

